成果归属机构：

地球科学与资源学院

作者：

Ke, Qiang ; Hong, Tao ; Santosh, M. ; Li, Hao ; Zhang, Guoliang ; Li, Hang ; Wan, Jianling ; Fan, Tingbin ; Dong, Lianhui ; Ma, Jing ; Xu, Xing-Wang

单位：

Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, State Key Lab Lithospher & Environm Coevolut, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;Chinese Acad Sci, Innovat Acad Earth Sci, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;Space Engn Univ, Beijing 101416, Peoples R China;Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Geodynam & Geohazards, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China;Southern Marine Sci & Engn Guangdong Lab Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519082, Peoples R China;China Univ Geosci Beijing, Sch Earth Sci & Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China;Univ Adelaide, Dept Earth Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;Xinjiang Bur Geol & Mineral Resources, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, Peoples R China;Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geophys, Key Lab Mineral Resources, Beijing, Peoples R China

关键词：

NONSULFIDE ZINC; SULFIDE; MINERALIZATION; GEOCHEMISTRY; FRACTIONATION; TIANSHUIHAI; EVOLUTION; MINERALS; SULFATE; PERU

摘要：

The Huoshaoyun deposit in the Karakorum area of NW China is the world's largest zinc-lead carbonate ore deposit. Here we investigate the genesis of the mineralization based on multiproxy investigations. The deposit contains zinc-lead carbonate and sulfide minerals, with smithsonite (Smt), cerussite (Cer), and sulfides accounting for 85%, 10%, and 5% of the total lead and zinc resources, respectively. Three ore-forming stages, involving Smt, Cer, and sulfides ores were summarized. The Smt mineralization is characterized by veined, massive, and stratified Smt forming horizontal sedimentary layered ore and vertical feeder veins similar to the SEDEX-type deposits. The sulfide and Cer veins display typical hydrothermal characteristics and are superimposed on the massive Smt ores. The Smt ores show high Li, Be, Cr, Y, Ba, Nd, Yb, and Zr contents, whereas the Cer veins have extremely high Sr contents (up to 3814- 9174 ppm) and low Zr contents (less than 0.01 ppm). Galena and sphalerite show higher Cd concentrations compared to Smt and Cer ores. The Smt ores differ with different spatial locations, with Smt ores formed at the vent have d 66 Zn values of +0.15%. to +0.21%., the massive Smt formed close to the vent show a value of +0.13%., and those formed away from the vent show a value of 0.05%., all values being close to 0. The sulfides have d 66 Zn values of-0.09%. to +0.04%.. The C-O isotopes of Smt ores are similar to both altered and unaltered host limestone, suggesting that the limestone was a potential source for carbon and oxygen. Quartz with veined Smt shows magmatic signatures with d 18 O VSMOW of +1.14%. to +2.23%., high Pb (115-401 ppm) and Zn concentrations (390-997 ppm), whereas quartz associated with sulfide has meteoric fluid signature with the lowest d 18 O VSMOW (-14%. to-10.7%.), low Pb (11.6-49.0 ppm) and Zn (18.1-72.8 ppm) concentrations. The temperature of equilibration computed based on oxygen isotope fractionation between Smt and coeval quartz indicate a dual source with that of quartz derived from an aqueous fluid, whereas the source for Smt might involve CO 2 or HCO 3- . We trace multiple metallogenic stages for this deposit including exhalation, hydrothermal deposition, and fault-controlled sulfide vein formation. The largest orebody (III-1) preserves a 16 Mt reserve of Zn and was formed by crust-mantle interaction at ca. 195 Ma in the early development of the Linjitang post-arc rift system. Fluid convection, zinc enrichment driven by granitic magma, volcanic activity, and karst alteration induced by acid rain in a lagoonal environment promoted ore enrichment. (c) 2024 China University of Geosciences (Beijing) and Peking University. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of China University of Geosciences (Beijing). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

基金：

National Natural Science Foundation of China [42272075, 42250202, 41672088, 42302073, 41802093]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Sun Yat-sen University [24llgqb001]; UCAS Joint PhD Training Program of China [UCAS (2015) 37]; Foundation of Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences [KLMR2017-10]; The 2018 Sino-German (CSC-DAAD) Post-doc Scholarship Program

语种：

英文

DOI：

10.1016/j.gsf.2024.101885

来源：

GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS,2024(6):.

出版日期：

2024-11

提交日期：

2024-08-10

引用参考：

Ke, Qiang; Hong, Tao; Santosh, M.; Li, Hao; Zhang, Guoliang; Li, Hang; Wan, Jianling; Fan, Tingbin; Dong, Lianhui; Ma, Jing; Xu, Xing-Wang. Anatomy and genesis of the world's largest carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb deposit: New insights from ore characteristics, Zn-Pb-C-O isotopes, and trace element constraints of the Huoshaoyun deposit, Karakorum Range, Xinjiang[J]. GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS,2024(6):.